A. Objective The learners should be able to investigate changes that happen in the absence of oxygen. B. Materials ● fire. Activity: TITLE: ABSENCE OF OXYGEN Jar with cover (Jar A) Jar without cover (Jar B) 2 same sized candle (small) Match or lighter Timer Ruler C. Precautionary Measure Remember to handle match or lighter carefully and don't play with it for it can cause D. Procedure 1. Label the jar with cover with Jar A and the jar without cover as Jar B. 2. Light the candles with a match and put the candles in each jar. 3. Record the time when the candles are lighted and the time when the light was put off. 4. Cover the Jar A and observe what will happen. 5. Measure the length of the candles after the flame was put off. 6. Record your findings on the chart below. Jars JAR A JAR B Time of the flame was put off Length of the candle after burning Answer the following questions: 1. Which of the 2 jars was the candle's flame put off first? 2. Which of the two candles has the shortest size? 3. What happen, when you cover the Jar A? 4. When the lighted candle in Jar A was covered, the flame was put off, what is the reason why the candle's flame did not continue to burn? 5. What are the 3 main components in combustion? Doss​

4. How can governments address the challenges associated with rising public debt levels, especially in the context of economic downturns or crises? ​

Rising public debt levels can pose challenges for governments, especially when the economy is facing downturns or crises. Some of the challenges include higher borrowing costs, lower credit ratings, reduced fiscal space, and increased vulnerability to external shocks. To address these challenges, governments need to adopt sound public debt management strategies that balance their cost and risk objectives with their financing needs. Some of the common public debt management strategies are; Debt reduction; Debt restructuring; Debt issuance; and Debt diversification